Maano a Indasteri bakeng sa Li-Transformer tse nang le Voltage e Phahameng Lefatšeng ka Bophara ho tloha ka 2025

Ho latela tlhahisoleseding ea sechaba ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Phupu 2025,Maano a indasteri ea transformer ea motlakase o phahameng​ ho tsepamisa maikutlo lefatšeng ka bophara hontlafatso ea tšebeliso e ntle ea eneji, tšehetso ea eneji e nchafatsoang, taolo ea 'maraka, le khokahano ea gridi ea libaka. Ka tlase ke kakaretso e hlophisitsoeng ea mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea leano la naha/lebatooa:

I. Kopano ea Europe (EU): Ho Matlafatsa Bokhoni ba Matla le Litlhoko tsa Tikoloho bakeng sa Phetoho e Tala​
EU e ntse e le moetapele oa lefats'e ho beheng maemo a thata a ts'ebeliso e ntle ea eneji bakeng sa maemo a holimo-limoLi-Transformer tsa Voltage, ka maano a 2025 a behang pele liphetoho tsa khabone e tlase ka mehato ea katleho le moruo o potolohang:

1. Maemo a Ntlafaditsweng a Tshebetso ya Matla:Tlas'a Taelo ea Ecodesign (Taelo ea ErP, 2009/125/EC), e mahareng ho isa ho e kholo Li-Transformer tsa Matla (ho kenyeletsoa le mefuta ea motlakase o phahameng) li tobane le meeli e thata ea tahlehelo e se nang mojaro le tahlehelo ea mojaro, ka phokotso e tloaelehileng ea 15% ha e bapisoa le meeli e fetileng. Kereiti ea tšebeliso ea matla bakeng sa li-transformer e tla ntlafatsoa ho tloha ho Sehlopha sa E ho ea ho Sehlopha sa D ka 2025, e leng se susumetsang ho amoheloa ha thepa e nang le tahlehelo e tlase (mohlala, li-alloy tse sa fetoheng, li-cores tsa nanocrystalline) le mahlale a bohlale a ho lokisa bokhoni.

2. Melao ea Moruo o Potolohileng: Ho qala ka 2025, EU e tla beha lithibelo sekgahleng sa ho sebediswa hape ha thepa ya transformer (mohlala, thepa ya mantlha le ya ho kobeha) le ho tiisa tlhokomelo hodima ditshila tsa elektroniki (ho kenyeletswa le ditransformer). Bahlahisi ba tla jara boikarabelo ba ho sebediswa hape.

3. Setifikeiti sa CE se Ntlafalitsoeng: Li-transformer tsa motlakase o phahameng tse romelloang EU li tlameha ho latela Tataiso ea ho Ikamahanya le Electromagnetic (EMC, 2014/30/EU) le Tataiso ea Mechini (MD, 2006/42/EC) (haeba li na le lifene tse pholileng). Mekhoa ea setifikeiti e tla ba thata ka 2025, e hlokang tlhahlobo ea EMC ke mekhatlo e tsebisitsoeng ea EU le litekolo tse felletseng tsa polokeho ea potoloho ea bophelo.

II. Asia Boroa-bochabela: Kholo ea Tlhokeho e sa Tobang e khannoang ke Maano a Matla a Letsatsi​
Asia Boroa-bochabela, e leng sebaka sa bohlokoa sa kholo bakeng sa indasteri ea lefats'e ea photovoltaic (PV), e eketsa tlhoko ea li-transformer tsa motlakase o phahameng ka Lithuso tsa PV le liphetoho tsa gridi:

1. Indonesia: Merero ea ho ntšetsa pele merero ea eneji e nchafatsoang ea 100 GW (ho kenyeletsoa le 75 GW ea PV) lilemong tse 15 tse tlang. Ka 2025, e tla shebana le liteishene tse kholo tsa motlakase oa PV, e leng se etsang hore ho be le tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea li-transformer tsa motlakase o phahameng (mohlala, 220 kV le ho feta).
2. Thailand: Morero oa Nts'etsopele ea Matla o ntlafalitsoeng oa 2024 o ikemiselitse ho eketsa matla a nchafatsoang ho fihlela ho 51% ea bokhoni bohle ka 2037. Litefiso tsa lefela ho thepa e kenang ka har'a likarolo tsa PV le "lenaneo la phokotso ea lekhetho la PV marulelong" (le koahelang malapa a 90,000 ka 2025) li tla eketsa tlhoko ea transformer e ajoang e amanang le PV.
3.Vietnam: E fetotse leano la eona la PV marulelong ka 2024 ho tlosa meeli ea bokhoni le ho nolofatsa lits'ebetso tsa ts'ebeliso. Ka 2025, sepheo ke ho ba le malapa le liofisi tse sebelisang PV marulelong a marulelo, e leng se eketsang tlhoko ea li-transformer tsa motlakase tse tlase ho isa ho tse mahareng (mohlala, sehlopha sa 10 kV).
4. Malaysia: E qalile tender ea eona ea bohlano ea PV e kholo (2 GW) ka 2024 mme ea phutholosa melao bakeng sa merero ea ho itšebetsa. Ka 2025, bokhoni bo kentsoeng ba PV bo lebelletsoe ho lula bo tsitsitse kapa bo hola hanyane, bo ts'ehetsa tlhoko ea transformer.

III. India: Ho Ngola Mabitso a Tshebetso ya Bokgoni ba Matla le Tlhokomelo e Matlafaditsweng ya Mmaraka​
Taolo ea transformer ea motlakase o phahameng ea India e shebane le maemo a ts'ebeliso e ntle ea matlale melao ea polokeho, ka maano a 2025 a ntlafatsang ho kengoa tšebetsong ha molao:

1. Ho ngolwa ha Matla a Tlamang ka Tshebetso e Loketseng: Tlas'a Molao oa Motlakase, lihlahisoa tsa transformer li tlameha ho bonts'a maemo a ts'ebeliso e ntle ea matla (a tsamaellanang le maemo a machaba joalo ka IEC 60076-1). Khamphani ea motlakase ea mmuso NPCIL e beha pele lihlahisoa tse sebetsang hantle haholo thekong.
2. Lithibelo tsa Tikoloho: Melao ea Tsamaiso ea Litšila tsa E-2018 e hloka hore bahlahisi ba fokotse litaba tsa tšepe e boima (mohlala, loto, mercury) le ho ntlafatsa ho sebelisoa hape ha litšila tsa e-litšila. Tlhokomelo e tla tiea ka 2025.
3. Tlholisano ea 'Maraka: Likhoebo tsa malapeng (mohlala, BHEL, L&T) li fokotsa sekheo le lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa lefats'e (mohlala, ABB, Siemens) ka boqapi ba theknoloji. Khokahano ea 'maraka har'a lik'hamphani tse hlano tse holimo e ntse e fokotseha hanyane (ho tloha ho 70% ho isa ho 65% ka 2025), ha likhoebo tse ntseng li hlaha (tse ikhethang ka li-transformer tse bolokang matla) li ntse li potlakisa ho kena 'marakeng.

IV. Chaena: Ho Tsepamisa Maikutlo ho Kopanyo ea Matla a Nchafalitsoeng le Li-grid tse Bohlale ho Tsosa Ntlafatso ea Liindasteri​
Jwalo ka mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa wa transformer lefatsheng, maano a China a 2025 a itshetlehile hodimatšehetso ea matla a nchafatsoang, kaho ea gridi e bohlale, le ntlafatso ea bokhoni:

​1. Kopanyo ea Matla a Nchafatsang: Khomishene ea Naha ea Ntshetsopele le Ntlafatso (NDRC) le Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Matla (NEA) li hlahisitse maano a ho tšehetsa R&D ea li-transformer bakeng sa merero ea moea o tsoang mose ho maoatle le ea PV e ajoang. Ka 2025, 'maraka oa li-transformer tsa moea o tsoang mose ho maoatle o lebelletsoe ho fihla ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 15, ka tlhoko ea li-transformer tse amanang le PV e ajoang e hola ka 35%.
​2. Ntshetsopele ya Gridi e Bohlale: Grid ea Naha e rera ho tsetela li-yuan tse libilione tse 80 ka 2025 bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa lisebelisoa tsa phetisetso le kabo ea motlakase, 'me li-transformer li ikarabella bakeng sa theko e fetang 40%. Libaka tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa motlakase o phahameng haholo (± 800 kV le ho feta) le li-transformer tse bohlale (karolo ea 'maraka e eketseha ho tloha ho 20% ho isa ho 25%).
3. Maemo a Ntlafaditsweng a Tshebetso ya Matla: Boleng bo Ncha bo Amohelehang ba Bokgoni ba ho Boloka Matla le Mekgahlelo ya ho Boloka Matla bakeng sa Di-Transformer tsa Matla (GB 20052-2025) bo tla fedisa dihlahiswa tse nang le bokgoni bo tlase ka tlase ho sehlopha sa S13. Di-transformer tse nang le bokgoni bo phahameng (Kereiti ya 1) di tla tshwaneleha bakeng sa puseletso ya lekgetho la boleng bo ekeditsweng ka 70%, e leng se potlakisang phetoho ya indasteri ho ya bokgoning.

V. Amerika Leboea: Li-Transformer tse bohlale le Khokahano ea Grid ea Libaka​
Amerika Leboea (US, Canada, Mexico) e shebane le li-transformer tse bohlale lekopanyo ea gridi ea libakaka 2025:

1.Khothaletso ea Smart Transformer: Maano a mmuso wa US a eneji e hlwekileng a tshehetsa R&D ya di-transformer tse bohlale, ka boholo ba mmaraka bo lebelletsweng ho feta didolara tse dibilione tse 20 ka 2025 (sekgahla sa kgolo ya selemo le selemo se fetang 10%). Dikopo di kenyeletsa digridi tse bohlale le ditsamaiso tsa eneji tse ajwang.
2. Kgokelo ya Gridi ya Setereke: Canada le Mexico, ka ho sebedisa Tumellano ya US-Mexico-Canada (USMCA), di matlafatsa kgokelo ya gridi le US. Ka 2025, mebaraka ya transfoma ya Canada le Mexico e lebelletswe ho fihla ho didolara tse dibilione tse 10 tsa Amerika le didolara tse dibilione tse 5 tsa Amerika, ka ho latellana, haholoholo ho fihlela tlhoko ya transfoma ya maemo a hodimo ho tswa ho US.

Kakaretso
Ka 2025, maano a indasteri ea lefats'e ea transformer ea motlakase o phahameng a tsamaisoa ke mohopolo oa mantlha oa "Phetoho e tala + ntlafatso ea theknoloji"​:

EU e khothalletsa liphetoho tse nang le khabone e tlase ka litlhoko tse tiileng tsa katleho le tikoloho;
Asia Boroa-bochabela e eketsa tlhoko ea transformer ka tsela e sa tobang ka maano a matla a letsatsi;
India e matlafatsa tlhokomelo ea 'maraka le ho ngola mabitso ka katleho;
Chaena e shebane le kopanyo ea matla a nchafatsoang le li-grid tse bohlale;
Amerika Leboea e ntshetsa pele di-transformer tse bohlale le kopanyo ya dibaka.
Maano ana ka kopanelo a kganna indasteri ya lefatshe ya di-transformer tsa motlakase o phahameng ho ya bokgoni bo phahameng, bohlale, le botsitso.

(Hlokomela: Tlhahisoleseding e ka hodimo e itshetlehile hodima data ya setjhaba ho tloha ka Pherekgong ho isa Phupu 2025. Bakeng sa maano a itseng, ka kopo sheba dingolwa tsa mmuso tsa semmuso.)