Matla a Letsatsi a Matla a Matla (CSP): Theknoloji e 'Ngoe ea Matla a Letsatsi e Fetang Photovoltaics

1. Selelekela ho CSP: Phetoho ea Paradigm ho Matla a Letsatsi​

 

Matla a Letsatsi a Matla a Matla (CSP) a emela mokhoa o fetolang ho sebelisa matla a letsatsi, o fapaneng le litsamaiso tsa setso tsa photovoltaic (PV). Ho fapana le PV, e fetolang khanya ea letsatsi ka ho toba hore e be motlakase o sebelisang thepa ea semiconductor, CSP e sebelisa liipone kapa lilense ho tsepamisa khanya ea letsatsi ho moamoheli, e hlahisang mocheso o khannang potoloho ea thermodynamic ho hlahisa motlakase. Bokhoni bona ba polokelo ea matla a mocheso (TES) bo lumella limela tsa CSP ho hlahisa matla a ka tsamaisoang esita le nakong ea bosiu kapa maru, ho sebetsana le moeli o boima oa litsamaiso tsa PV.

 

Ho JZP Energy Innovations, re ananela CSP e le lejoe la motheo la motsoako oa matla oa nakong e tlang, haholo-holo libakeng tse nang le mahlaseli a letsatsi a mangata. Maiteko a rona a R&D a shebane le ho ntšetsa pele mahlale a CSP ho ntlafatsa bokhoni, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, le ho hokahana ka mokhoa o se nang mathata le litsamaiso tsa matla a kopantsoeng.

 

2. Litheknoloji tsa Motheo ho CSP: Ho tloha ho Linear ho ea ho Tower Systems​

 

Litsamaiso tsa CSP li arotsoe ka mekhoa ea tsona ea mahloriso a mahlo le meralo ea moamoheli:

 

1. a) Babokelli ba Sejana sa Mehlolo (PTC)​

 

Theknoloji ea CSP e hōlileng ka ho fetisisa, PTC e sebelisa liipone tse otlolohileng tsa parabola ho tsepamisa khanya ea letsatsi holim'a tube ea moamoheli e nang le mokelikeli oa phetisetso ea mocheso (HTF), joalo ka letsoai le qhibilihisitsoeng. Litsamaiso tsa PTC li sebetsa mochesong o fihlang ho 400°C, li loketse bakeng sa litlhophiso tse kopantsoeng le lifeme tsa khase ea tlhaho, li nolofalletsa tlhahiso ea motlakase oa motheo.

 

1. b) Litora tsa Matla a Letsatsi (SPT)​

 

SPT e sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-heliostat (liipone tse latelang) ho tsepamisa khanya ea letsatsi holim'a seamoheli se bohareng holim'a tora. Ka karolelano ea mahloriso e fetang 1,000×, SPT e fihlella mocheso oa seamoheli oa 500–1,000°C, e nolofalletsang katleho e phahameng ea thermodynamic le ho lumellana le lipotoloho tse tsoetseng pele tsa matla joalo ka li-turbine tsa CO₂ tse bohlokoa haholo.

 

1. c) Li-Reflector tsa Linear Fresnel (LFR)​

 

Mekhoa ea LFR e sebelisa liipone tse bataletseng tse hlophisitsoeng ka likarolo tse otlolohileng ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa chelete ha li ntse li boloka bokhoni. Moralo oa tsona oa modular o lumellana le lits'ebetso tse arohaneng, joalo ka mocheso oa ts'ebetso ea indasteri kapa ho tlosa letsoai.

 

1. d) Mekhoa ea ho Hlohlelletsa Lijana​

 

Mekhoa ea lijana e sebelisa lijana tsa tšoantšetso ho tsepamisa khanya ea letsatsi ho seamoheli se hokahantsoeng le enjene ea Stirling, e leng se etsang hore ho be le katleho e kholo ea 31–32%. Mekhoa ena e ipabola tlhahisong e ajoang, haholo-holo libakeng tse hole.

 

3. Melemo ea Tlholisano ea CSP ho feta Photovoltaics​

 

Leha PV e laola limmaraka tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo, CSP e fana ka melemo e ikhethang:

 

1. a) Kopanyo ea Polokelo ea Matla​

 

Mekhoa ea TES ea CSP, hangata e sebelisang letsoai le qhibilihisitsoeng, e nolofalletsa lihora tse 6-12 tsa motlakase o ka tsamaisoang. Mohlala, merero ea JZP ea CSP-PV e kopantsoeng Bochabela bo Hare e sebelisa polokelo ea letsoai le qhibilihisitsoeng ea lihora tse 8 ho tsitsisa phepelo ea gridi nakong ea tlhoko e phahameng.

 

1. b) Ditshebediso tsa Mocheso o Phahameng​

 

Bokhoni ba CSP ba ho hlahisa mocheso o fetang 500°C bo etsa hore e lokele ho tlosoa ha khabone indastering. JZP e ntse e leka ho ntlafatsa mouoane o tsamaisoang ke CSP bakeng sa tlhahiso ea haeterojene, e leng se fokotsang ho itšetleha ka mafura a mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale.

 

1. c) Monyetla oa ho kopanya

 

Difeme tsa CSP di ka sebetsa mmoho le khase ya tlhaho kapa biomass, e leng se eketsang ho tenyetseha. Morocco, setsi sa CSP sa JZP se kopanya biogas ho fihlella mesebetsi ya 24/7, ho fokotsa phokotso.

 

4. Liphephetso le Mekhoa e Mecha ea Boiqapelo ho JZP​
5. a) Phokotso ea Litšenyehelo​

 

Litšenyehelo tsa motlakase tse lekantsoeng tsa CSP (LCOE) li theohile ho tloha ho $0.36/kWh ka 2010 ho ea ho $0.11/kWh ka 2023, li susumetsoa ke tsoelo-pele ea ho nepahala ha seipone le ho tšoarella ha moamoheli. Theknoloji ea JZP ea ho koahela seipone e nang le patente e fokotsa tahlehelo ea ho bonahatsa khanya ka 15%, e leng se fokotsang litšenyehelo haholo.

 

1. b) Ho Kgolofala Dibakeng tse Omeletseng​

 

CSP e atleha haholo libakeng tsa lehoatata, empa mathata a kang ho hohlora lehlabathe a ntse a le teng. Liaparo tsa JZP tse thibelang ho bola le litsamaiso tsa ho hloekisa liipone li sebetsana le mathata ana, li netefatsa hore 95% ea nako e sebetsa maemong a leholimo a thata.

 

1. c) Kopanyo ea Gridi​

 

Ho tsamaisoa ha CSP ho tsamaisana le litaelo tsa matla a nchafatsoang. Mohlala oa JZP oa "CSP-as-a-Service" o fana ka litharollo tsa polokelo tse ka atolosoang tsa lits'ebeletso, ho leka-lekanya matla a nchafatsoang a sa khaotseng joalo ka moea le PV.

 

5. Tebello ea Bokamoso: CSP Lefatšeng le se nang Net-Zero​

 

Ka selemo sa 2050, CSP e ka fana ka 25% ea motlakase oa lefats'e, ka merero e Afrika Leboea 'me Amerika Boroa-bophirima e etella pele ho amoheloa. JZP ke pula-maliboho oa ho tiisa karolo ea CSP:

 

Li-Receiver tse Thehiloeng ho Likaroloana: Ho nkela letsoai le qhibilihisitsoeng sebaka ka likaroloana tsa letsopa ho nolofalletsa ts'ebetso ea 1,000°C, ho eketsa bokhoni ba potoloho ho fihlela ho 50%.

 

Mafura a Letsatsi a Kopantsoeng: Mocheso o hlahisoang ke CSP o sebelisoa ho hlahisa mafura a tala a haeterojene le a maiketsetso, a fanang ka litharollo tsa polokelo ea matla a linako tsa selemo.

 

Mesebetsi e ntlafalitsoeng ke AI: Li-algorithms tsa ho ithuta ka mochini li ntlafatsa ho latela li-heliostat le polokelo ea mocheso, li eketsa tlhahiso ha li ntse li fokotsa tšebeliso ea metsi.

 

6. Qetello​

 

Matla a Letsatsi a Matla a Matla a Fetang Meeli a Matla a Fokotsang Metsi ka ho kopanya bokgoni ba ho hola, polokelo le tshebediso ya diindasteri. Ho JZP Energy Innovations, re ikemiseditse ho ntshetsa pele CSP ka ho etsa R&D ya maemo a hodimo, ho netefatsa karolo ya yona ya bohlokwa phetohong ya lefatshe ho ya ho eneji e tsitsitseng.

 

Ikopanye le rona ho theheng bokamoso bo khanyang le bo matla ba matla.