Sekheo se Seholo sa Insulation sa 220kV sa Transformer Inter-Coil: Tlhahlobo ea Tšimo ea Motlakase le Maano a Ntlafatso

Selelekela

Sebakeng sa phetiso ea matla a motlakase o phahameng, li-transformer tsa 220kV li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatseng kabo e sebetsang hantle ea matla. lekhalo le ka sehloohong la ho thibela ho tjhesaPakeng tsa di-winding tsa transformer e emela e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa moralo, e amang ka ho toba botšepehi ba transformer, bophelo bo bolelele le ts'ebetso. Jwalo ka baetapele ba mmaraka theknolojing ea transformer, re a hlokomela hore moralo o motle oa ho thibela ho ruruha ke oa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho mamella likhatello tse matla tsa motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa li-voltage tse sebetsang tse tsoelang pele, maqhubu a lehalimale ho phahama ha maqhubu a ho fetola.

Sengoloa sena se hlahloba mekhoa e rarahaneng ea tlhahlobo ea masimo a motlakase le maano a ntlafatso a sebetsang bakeng sa likheo tsa ho kenya motlakase tsa transformer tsa 220kV inter-coil. Ka ho sebelisa mahlale a tsoetseng pele a ho etsisa le melao-motheo ea moralo o mocha, re ka ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea ho kenya motlakase ea transformer, ra netefatsa bokhabane ba ts'ebetso libakeng tse hlokang thuso haholo.

Metheo ea ho kenya thepa ka har'a li-Transformer tsa 220kV

Sekgeo se seholo sa ho thibela ho kenngwa ha motlakase pakeng tsa di-winding tsa di-transformer tsa 220kV se sebetsa e le thibelo ya mantlha ya dielectric, e thibelang ho senyeha ha motlakase pakeng tsa di-coil tse nang le motlakase o phahameng le tse nang le motlakase o tlase. Sistimi ena ya ho thibela ho kenngwa ha motlakase ha e a lokela ho mamella maemo a tloaelehileng a tshebetso feela empa hape le maemo a fapaneng. maemo a feteletseng a motlakasetse etsahalang nakong ea litšitiso tsa gridi.

Litšebelisong tsa 220kV, sekheo sa insulation hangata se sebelisa sistimi ea lithibelo tse ngatae nang le disilindara tsa pressboard kapa di-wraps tse arolang sekgeo ka di-duct tse nyane tse mmalwa tsa oli. Mokhoa ona o ntlafatsa haholo motlakase oa ho qala ho ntša metsi ka karolo e itseng(PDIV) mme e thibela ho thehwa ha marokho a ditshila a tsamaisang motlakase pakeng tsa di-winding. Moralo wa motheo o latela molao-motheo wa "thupa e tshesane ya pampiri, lekhalo le lenyenyane la oli", moo diboto tsa kgatello ya motlakase tse thibelang motlakase hangata di leng botenya ba 2mm, mme lekhalo la oli pakeng tsa dithibelo le tloha ho 6-10mm.

Kabo ea tšimo ea motlakase ka har'a likheo tsena ha e tšoane ho hang, ka khatello ea maikutlotse etsahalang mathōkong a kobehileng, likobe tsa conductor, le li-interface tsa insulation. Ntle le ntlafatso e nepahetseng ea moralo, libaka tsena tse nang le khatello e phahameng ea maikutlo li ka qala mesebetsi ea ho ntša metsi ka karolo e itseng, e leng se lebisang ho senyeha ha insulation ho tsoelang pele le ho hloleha ho ka bang teng.

Mekhoa ea Tlhahlobo ea Tšimo ea Motlakase

Ketsiso ea Mokhoa oa Finite Element (FEM)

Moralo oa sejoale-joale oa ho thibela ho ruruha o itšetlehile haholo ka tlhahlobo ea likarolo tse lekanyelitsoeng(FEA) bakeng sa 'mapa o nepahetseng oa tšimo ea motlakase. Ka ho arola jiometri ea insulation ka likarolo tse likete tse arohaneng, FEM e ka bala kabo e ka bang tengle matla a tšimoka ho nepahala ho makatsang. Bakeng sa di-transformer tsa 220kV, tlhahlobo ena hangata e shebana le libaka tse tharo tsa bohlokoa: ho thibela mocheso ho ka holimo, karolo e bohareng pakeng tsa mapheole ho thibela mocheso karolong e ka tlase ea karolo.

Litekanyetso tsa rona li senola hore matla a phahameng ka ho fetisisa a tšimo ea motlakase ho li-transformer tsa 220kV hangata a hlaha ho likhutlo tse ka hare tsa bokaholimoea mapheo a motlakase o phahameng, haholo-holo haufi le likarolo tsa pheletso ea mola. Nakong ea liteko tsa ho sisinyeha ha lehalima (1050kV bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa 220kV), libaka tsena li ka ba le matla a tšimo a fetang 8-9kV/mm, li atamela meeli ea ho senyeha ha thepa ea ho thibela mocheso.

Tlhahlobo ea Libaka tse Bohlokoa tsa Khatello ea Maikutlo

Ka tlhahlobo e felletseng ea tšimo ea motlakase, re hlwaile libaka tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa tsa khatello ea maikutlo tse hlokang tlhokomelo e khethehileng ho li-transformer tsa 220kV:

• Libaka tse kobehileng: Likhutlo tse bohale lipheletsong tse kobehileng li hlahisa mahloriso a maholo a tšimo, e leng se hlokang mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho lekanya.
• Khokahano pakeng tsa ho thibela ho tiea le ho thibela metsi: Thepa e fapaneng ea dielectric ea pressboard le oli e baka matlafatso ea tšimo li-interface tsa tsona.
• Libaka tsa ho tsoa ka pele: Dintlha tsa phetoho moo di-lead tsa motlakase o phahameng di tswang teng, di-winding di hlahisa dikabo tsa masimo tse thata haholo tse hlokang tlhahlobo ya mahlakore a mararo.

Bakeng sa di-transformer tsa 220kV, matla a maholo a tshimo ya motlakase hangata a hlaha di-disc tse mmalwa tsa pele haufi le pheletso ya mola le dintlheng tsa kgokelo pakeng tsa di-disc tse kopaneng le tse tlwaelehileng nakong ya maemo a ho sisinyeha. Dibaka tsena di hloka mehato e matlafaditsweng ya ho kwahela mocheso ho thibela ho hloleha pele ho nako.

Maano a Ntlafatso bakeng sa Likheo tse Kholo tsa ho Sireletsa

Ntlafatso ea Jiometri

Ho bopa li-electrodee emela e 'ngoe ea maano a sebetsang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa kabo ea masimo. Ka ho nkela likhutlo tse bohale sebaka ka Liprofaele tse kobehilengle ho kenya tshebetsong li-electrode tsa toroidal, re ka fokotsa matla a maholo a tšimo ka ho fihlela ho 30-40%. Bakeng sa li-transformer tsa 220kV, sena se kenyelletsa:

• Mehele ea qetello e sa fetoheng(SER) li-terminal tse kobehang ho etsa li-gradients tse ka bang bonolo.
• Mehele ea likhutloka liprofaele tse batlang li lekana le mela ea equipotential, tse fokotsang haholo khatello ea tangential holim'a libaka tsa pressboard.
• Likhoune tsa khatello ea maikutlolibakeng tsa bohlokoa tsa ho kopanya lintho ho laola ho fapana ha masimo le ho fokotsa mahloriso.

Bokgoni ba ho ntlafatsa radius ya kobeho bo bohlokwa haholo – ho eketsa radius ya sekhutlo ya di-conductor le mehele e sa fetoheng ho ka fokotsa matla a tshimo haholo (matla a tshimo ∝ 1/radius).

Lisebelisoa tse Tsoetseng Pele tsa ho Sireletsa

Khetho ea thepa e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng ts'ebetso ea ho kenya mocheso. Li-transformer tsa rona tsa 220kV li sebelisa:

• Boto ea khatiso e nang le sekgahla se phahamengka botsitso bo ntlafetseng ba boholo le matla a phahameng a dielectric.
• Lipampiri tse ntlafalitsoeng ka mochesotse fanang ka mamello e phahameng ea mocheso, tse bolokang thepa ea dielectric mochesong o phahameng.
• Lisebelisoa tse ntlafalitsoeng ke nanocompositemoo li-nanoparticles (SiO₂, Al₂O₃) tse ekelitsoeng ho epoxy kapa oli li ntlafatsang matla a dielectric ka 20-30% ha li ntse li ntlafatsa conductivity ea mocheso.

Lisebelisoa tsena tse tsoetseng pele li lumella meralo e menyenyane ea ho kenya lintho kahare ha li ntse li boloka kapa li ntlafatsa meeli ea ts'epo. Mohlala, ho kenngoa tšebetsong ha litsamaiso tsa ho kenya lintho kahare tse nang le nanocomposite ho ka eketsa bophelo ba ho kenya lintho kahare ka 20-30% ha ho bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng.

Tlhophiso ea Sistimi ea Insulation

Ho ntlafatsa tokisetso ea 'mele ea likarolo tsa ho kenya mocheso ho hlahisa lintlafatso tse kholo:

• Mekhoa ea ho kenya mocheso e nang le maemo a holimomoo botenya ba insulation bo fapanang ho latela kabo ya motlakase ho latela tsela eo e kobehileng ka yona.
• Ntlafatso ea ho beha litšitisoho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea FEM ho fumana maemo a nepahetseng a boto ea khatiso a fokotsang khatello e kholo ea sekheo sa oli.
• Boholo ba mothapo oa olie lekanyang litlhoko tsa motlakase (likheo tse nyane bakeng sa PDIV e phahameng) le litlhoko tsa ho pholisa (phallo e lekaneng ea oli).

Bakeng sa di-transformer tsa 220kV, re fumane hore mekhoa ea ho kobeha e kopantsoengka diperesente tse kopaneng tse fetang 65-70% di ntlafatsa kabo ya motlakase wa di-impulse ka ho hlaka, di fokotsa kgatello hodima di-disc tse mmalwa tsa pele ka ho fihla ho 50% ha ho bapiswa le meralo e tlwaelehileng.

Thuto ea Nyeoe: Ho Kenngwa Ts'ebetsong ka Katleho ho Transformer ea 220kV

Morero oa rona oa morao tjena o kenyeletsang transformer ea 220kV e nang le impedance e phahameng o bontša katleho ea maano ana a ntlafatso. Moralo oa pele o bontšitse mahloriso a feteletseng a tšimo ea motlakase (ho fihlela ho 9.5kV/mm) sekheong se seholo sa ho thibela mocheso pakeng tsa li-winding tsa motlakase o phahameng le tse nang le motlakase o tlase, haholo-holo haufi le lipheletso tsa ho winding.

Ka tlhahlobo ea FEM e pheta-phetoang re sebelisa software e khethehileng (HSSSM), re kentse tšebetsong sephutheloana se felletseng sa ntlafatso:

1. Lesale la motlakase le entsoeng bochaka kobeho e ntlafalitsoeng le sebaka se behilweng.
2. Mehele e meng ea likhutlolipheletsong tse kobehileng ho arola bophahamo ba oli le ho ntlafatsa matla a ho kheloha.
3. Tokisetso ea thibelo e fetotsoengho etsa dikgeo tse nyane, tse tshwanang tsa oli (6-8mm) ho ena le dikgeo tse kgolo tsa pele (12-15mm).

Liphetho li bile tse makatsang: matla a maholo a tšimo a fokotsehile ho 6.2kV/mm (ntlafatso ea 35%), ka kabo e ts'oanang ea tšimo ho pholletsa le sebopeho sa insulation. Transformer e fetotsoeng e fetile ka katleho liteko tsohle tsa kamehla le tsa mofuta, ho kenyeletsoa le liteko tsa motlakase tse mamellang maqhubu a motlakase (460kV motsotso o le mong) le tsa lightning impulse (1050kV), tse nang le maemo a ho ntša a sa fellang ka tlase ho 10pC ka ho latellana.

Mehopolo ea Tlhahiso le Boleng

Esita le moralo o rarahaneng ka ho fetisisa o ipaka o sa sebetse ntle le taolo e nepahetseng ea tlhahiso. Lenaneo la rona la netefatso ea boleng bakeng sa ho kenya mocheso oa transformer ea 220kV le kenyelletsa:

• Taolo ea ts'ebetso ea lipalo-palonakong ea tlhahiso ea boto ea khatiso le kopano ea likarolo.
• Ho omisa ka vacuum le ho kenya oli ka har'a vacuummekhoa e netefatsang ho tlosoa ka botlalo ha mongobo le likhase tse ka qalang ho ntšoa ha metsi ka karolo e itseng.
• 'Mapa oa ho ntša karolo e itsengnakong ea liteko tsa tšusumetso ho lemoha le ho lokisa mefokolo efe kapa efe ea tlhahiso.

Bakeng sa di-transformer tsa 220kV, re kenya tshebetsong diprothokholo tse tiileng tsa bohloeki nakong ya tshebetso ya ho kopanya le ho kenya tanka, kaha esita le ditshila tse nyenyane haholo di ka fokotsa matla a ho kwahela mocheso tlasa masimo a motlakase a mangata.

Mekhoa ea Nakong e Tlang ea Theknoloji ea Insulation

Tsoelo-pele ea ho kenya mocheso ka har'a transformer e tsoela pele ka nts'etsopele e 'maloa e tšepisang:

• Theknoloji ea mafahla ea dijithaleho etsa likopi tse fumanehang tsa litsamaiso tsa ho kenya mocheso bakeng sa ho beha leihlo ts'ebetso ea nako ea sebele le tlhokomelo e boletsoeng esale pele.
• Tlhokomelo e tsoetseng pele ea boemoho sebedisa di-sensor tsa fiber optic tse kentsweng ho latela tshebetso ya ho ntsha motlakase ka karolo e itseng le di-hotspots tsa mocheso nakong yohle ya tshebetso ya transformer.
• Maro a sireletsang tikoloho a sireletsang tikolohotse kang li-ester tsa tlhaho tse fanang ka libaka tse phahameng tsa mollo le ho lumellana ha tikoloho ho ntlafetseng ha li ntse li boloka ts'ebetso ea dielectric.

Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa 220kV, re thabetse haholo lits'ebetso tsa ho ithuta ka mochinintlafatsong ea moralo oa insulation, moo li-algorithms li ka lekola ka potlako liphetoho tse likete tsa moralo ho khetholla litlhophiso tse ntle tse leka-lekanyang lintlha tsa motlakase, mocheso le moruo.

Qetello

Ntlafatso ea likheo tsa ho kenya motlakase tsa transformer tsa 220kV lipakeng tsa li-coil e emela phephetso e rarahaneng ea boenjiniere e hlokang tsebo e tebileng ea khopolo-taba ea dielectric, bokhoni bo tsoetseng pele ba ho etsisa, le boiphihlelo bo sebetsang ba tlhahiso. Ka tlhahlobo e felletseng ea tšimo ea motlakase le maano a ntlafatso a reretsoeng, re ka ntlafatsa haholo ts'epo ea transformer le bophelo bo bolelele.

Mokhoa oa rona o bontša hore moralo oa ho thibela mocheso oa maano ha o ntlafatse ts'ebetso ea dielectric feela empa hape o nolofalletsa li-transformer tse nyane le tse theko e tlaase. Ka ho kenya tšebetsong mekhoa ena e tsoetseng pele, re fana ka li-transformer tse fetang maemo a indasteri ha re ntse re fa bareki ba rona ts'epo e phahameng ea ts'ebetso le melemo eohle ea litšenyehelo tsa beng.

Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele ho fetoha, re ntse re ikemiselitse ho kopanya tsoelo-pele ea morao-rao moralong oa ho kenya mocheso, ho netefatsa hore bareki ba rona ba rua molemo litharollong tsa transformer tse tšepahalang ka ho fetisisa le tse sebetsang hantle tse fumanehang 'marakeng.

Ikopanye le sehlopha sa rona sa boenjiniere kajenoho buisana ka moo boiphihlelo ba rona bo ikgethang ba moralo wa ho kenya mocheso bo ka ntlafatsang tshebetso le botshepehi ba diporojeke tsa hao tsa transfoma tsa 220kV.